Glossary

A

Account Recovery : A mechanism to regain access to Ethereum smart wallets using email addresses.

C

Circom : A language for defining arithmetic circuits with a focus on zero-knowledge proofs.

Constraints : Conditions that the zkSNARK must satisfy. The proving time increases with additional constraints.

Circuit : A mathematical representation of computations to be proven in zero-knowledge.

D

DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) : An email authentication method designed to detect email spoofing.

E

Email Wallet : A smart contract wallet controlled using emails.

O

OAuth Login : Secure, email-based authentication for dApps using ZK proofs.

P

Poseidon Hash : A cryptographic hash function optimized for zk-SNARKs.

Prover : An entity that generates zero-knowledge proofs.

R

Regex : Short for regular expression, used to parse email headers and extract relevant information.

RSA : A public-key cryptosystem widely used for secure data transmission.

Relayer : A permissionless server that facilitates communication between off-chain emails and on-chain contracts.

S

SnarkJS : A JavaScript library for zkSNARKs.

V

vkey : A verification key used by the verifier to check the proof. Usually contained on the server side of an app.

Verifier : An entity that checks the validity of zero-knowledge proofs.

W

Witness : In the context of zkSNARKs, a witness is the set of private inputs to the zkSNARK.

Z

Zero-Knowledge Proofs : A cryptographic method by which one party can prove to another that they know a value x, without conveying any information apart from the fact that they know the value x.

zkey : Proving key usually on the client side of an application.

zkSNARKs : Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge. A form of zero-knowledge proof that is particularly short and easy to verify.